The subjects of ADP and areas where the information technology is adapted:  Global,  National,  Enterprise and Foundation administration  Production control  Operation control  Private operation  Communication  Education Study  Medical  Traffic  War  Entertainment  Merged ADP  MAKING AND INTEGRATION OF Esa Vitikka SOFTWARE FOREWORDS DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOFTWARE STAGES  ASSEMBLER  HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGES  OBJECT PROGRAMMING COMPONENT PROGRAMMING  APPLICATION GENERATORS  DATABASES  INTERFACES  CASE PROGRAMMING  INTELLIGENSE PROGRAMMING  INTERNET et cetera.  NETWORKS PROGRAMMING  CUSTOMER/SERVER (Client/Server) PROGRAMMING  FILE SERVER (Fileserver) PROGRAMMING  MANY BASE ARCHITECTURE PROGRAMMING  PARALLEL PROCESSING  APLICATION WHAT SOFTWARE ON MARKET IS DOING   FOREWORDS  The programming for languages and for different generators is available many books but in the building of Aplication come and the litle instructions are the connection of separate languages and generators (in other words to the integration) available for it. The these instructions have been made to facilitate the act of litle aplication and to this consentrating PC computers being operatingsystem available and the development of applications to the programs. An attempt has been made to simplify instructions. This I have got information from an own experience, from teachers, from books and macasins. To adapt use. Programs nearest is a processor family, Computers, being touching, an introduction, programs, each one, for example Bios, usersystems  is 3 the where programs are run one time is equally divided on different programs at a time which separate types 1. patch run one patch merged order 2. time division where processor. Real time the usersystem where programs are distributed, separate tasks and each task gets a tasks interrapt processor according to the time  priority from the processor and the execution order gets merged to them according to the control. 4. The network usersystems witch distributes the resources of the network. Then for example the separate programming will be programmed software, the compiler and nearest usersystem of languages are applications for an ADP purpose. Programs where is character based, all editing, is doing by keabord but  these days is graphics based, too, where, the editing can give commands, by mouse too, the so-called visual programs, its, not, so you get the software WYSIWYC. In the programming mainline is three structures:  STEP BY STEP:  a program instructions parallel is made, in and instructions are performed, that order.  BRANCHING:  instruction or instructions is performed two or more according to separate branch.  LOOP:  instruction or instructions and branch are performed to perform them again. Somewhere assempler is a repetition, too but the loop means the same. These under construction the programming is got through supposing at, instructions, functions, classes and components separate languages and develop aplications are do plas a lot are known, which, at, those, can yourself. To know must too on the said structures doing pefore algorithms to solve mathematical and the transfer of the information in other words problems. The interface of different programs and library instructions are well known when software is integrated, these indeed is problematic task because, a program, the versions change and there are a lot of interfaces, being ofcause instructions is in a lot. To know  programs and their interfaces (in other words instructions how an interface use) that, connect them is able to do well the applications is doing. Certainly butter of the application do only one language or aplication but often they will be needed particularly in the more versatile applications whitch, the connection of more things is a way, efficient programming, when use feels ready material. Or use that not when the know, at program or software is do so already ready, other than have to be learned, the program use. To know must ofcause to the act process of software used stages and constructions. The COMPUTER can fall and can sort information transfer ADP and programming are tasks such.  DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOFTWARE STAGES REPORT  The report at the stage will be inquired, wich is do and is it worthwhile to begin it possibly costs do sek� mit�, sit�. M��rittely Teht�v�n t�sment�minen is marked off the mit� program, tehd� and mit� will come, not. K�ytt�liittym�n planning. Sy�tt�/output m��rittely of information information types and notation. Planning of error situations. Ymp�ristovaatimukset k�ytett�v�t machines, programs and K�ytt�j�t. PLANNING J�sentely and division osateht�viin or planning of objects. Planning of data structures. planning of algorithms and focusing of solutions. Planning of the testing. IMPLEMENTATION TESTING K�YTT�� NOTTO YLL� HOLDING ASSEMBLER Computer ymm�rt�� ""only ykk�si�" or zeros" the making of n�ill� programs is ty�l�st� and requires much information and time. Following Edellisest� was developed, an assembly language, the ASSEMBLER, miss� ohjelmak�skyj� are described with symbols for example, ADD=add in, it was possible to facilitate programming but information about the machine, the MOV=siirr� etc., n� was further needed. Every one has a keskusyksik�ll� (on the processor), the own assembler told every k��nnet��n k��nt�j�ll� and the code of the machine ymm�rt�m�� is obtained. The assembler told, it is efficient but viel�kin for the time viev��. HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE Lausekieli� was developed to accelerate and to facilitate the making of the programs, niit� is Basic, Cobol, Fortran, C and etc.. The statement language program consists of statements and the time viev�� is v�hemm�n and the tehd� programs niill� as on the assembler an easier one. Yhdistet��n assembler when sometimes one wants tehd�, however, more efficient ones of some parts of the program or when lausekielell� does not feel parts so to high level language, for example C:ss� yhdist�minen will take place ASM k�skyll�. Often k�ytt�j�rjestelmi� teht�ess� is written with the assembler parts. Statement languages support the structured programming, siin� teht�v� is divided into smaller parts or teht�viin and a program niist� is collected. Lausekieliss� k�ytet��n or tehtyj� itself the functions niill� are a quick custom to build k�ytt�liittymi� a lot ready or other to the application liittyv��. OLIOOHJELMOINTI Object kehitt�� was begun the bigger software kehitt�mist� to facilitate programming. Object supporting the programming kieli� is for example C++, JAVA, SMALTALK and separate sovelluskehittimi�. When designing a program, the program teht�ess� is divided and written into teht�v� Olios classes, niist�. The object in the programming is written in the l�hde code, the classes or l�hdekoodissa is called from the libraries ready classes in the one to be performed. The class becomes an object in question a type when, the variable m��ritell��n, a class. For the object my�s can be reserved, the memory RAM:mista. The object in the programming can be created in which there are information and functions classes in the same packet. N� in being belonging to it the packet manages teht�v�t without needing tiet�� how it has been made. The program is built from the classes, n�ist�, periyty� is�nt� feels them from the class and tehd� is not needing the whole class again. The planning and doing of bigger programs stay better with the help of the describing objects, k�siss�, true el�m��. COMPONENT PROGRAMMING Component in the programming the programs are built under construction with calls concerning a separate component, programming and. Some of the components are for example Aktivx and javabeans which are similar packets as the information and the functions can program the classes to them but the component is separate teht�v�� in the electronics a lot k�ytetty, a word, the electronic card is built from performing components. The component exists libraries ready and niit� can program itself, my�s, component can be ymm�rrett�v� more easily to one another than an object. APPLICATION GENERATORS The application kehittimi� is available with batches for type applications, however, most of them are developed database based, niill� is quicker the kehitt�� applications statement and object kielill� when when, tarvi not tehd� vamiiksi hyv�ksi self experienced or the k�sittely of the outputs of ready programs ways for example saving, search of the information. The application kehittimi� is a program, the for example Acces, Paradox, Oracle and Director n�iss� programs are built on the structures and Tehokass on constructive the program and k�skyill� objects, components. Program structures tehd��n edell� mentioned or the application generator on an own one kielill� describing the same structures kielell�. DATABASES The databases will be totally programmed, programming, it will be much quicker when tehd� itself does not need everything to build the kielell� but sovelluskehittimell� program suitable to the purpose, either when tehd� is not known or everything self. In the databases my�s is SQL mill� tehd��n to the database, the own query language that has been structured, inquiries and p�ivitykset. My�s liitty� feels the software v�lityksell� to the database from the second kielest� or sovelluskehittimest� one especially, an interface, for example ODBC, inquiries or p�ivitykset tehd��n yleens�, SQL kielell� and an interface, k�ytt�vill� k�skyill� (on the functions). The structure of the database is the following: Database name index File Table Kentt� Sign Bit INTERFACES The objects, components have interfaces, liittymisill� to the eritietokanta and on the separate programs. Their k�ytt�misess� needs tiet�� k�skyt and objects. CASE PROGRAMMING The CASE is Tietokone, the avusteinen making of the software and the software is designed on something kehitetyll� menetelm�ll� niit� is jarakennetaan more. The CASE supports, the development menetelm�� m��rittely� of the whole software, planning and the program tekemist�. The software m��ritell��n is and designed graphically, on the forms, controls and the CASE program encodes a ready program automatically from the result to the language supported by it. TEKO�LYOHJELMOINTI Teko�ly is the �lyn of the human being adapting to the ymm�rt�m��n form of the computer. If ten else and logic can build the Teko�ly applications on the structures simplified. INTERNET et cetera. NETWORKS PROGRAMMING In the network the devices of Tietokones connected to it are felt and the program distributes resources between each other. CUSTOMER/SERVER (Client/Server) PROGRAMMING The programs have been distributed, I served kytketyill� and customer they can be located to the programs either on the same machine or to the same network, on the separate machines. Customer when, the program takes v�ltt�m�tt� tied� mist� so to the program, the customer not, I served, the program to advocate a file or service, the yhteytt� server searches for. FILE SERVER (Fileserver) PROGRAMMING When the program that has been connected to a computer or network or k�ytt�j� searches for the file or the service so tiet�� that file of the exact address or service to the path. MONIKANTA ARCHITECTURE PROGRAMMING It is similar like a customer/a server, v�liin lis�ttyn�, the application server mink�, a program, however, the information is processed to it via. N� in is felt from different machines the same application software, k�ytt��. PARALLEL PROCESSING The programs are divided into yokes, separate s� and niit� are driven either in more processors of the same machine or to the network for the time in the kytketyiss� machines, yht�. If the yokes have been built for one processor so if one is necessary, s� will be alternately driven in the processor and information will be changed, their v�lill�. A yht� p�� application which takes care of the exchange of information and teht� is driven in the parallel processing, I take the division to other processors of a network or machine. In the parallel processing there is two techniques siin� either the same memory or own memories, the processors k�ytt�v�t. VALMISOHJELMA The Valmisohjelma are applications mitk� that have been made with the edellisill� techniques, teht�v�� or teht�vi� serve, after marking off something carefully. MIT� SOFTWARE ON MARKET TEHD��N The programming targets is limitless m��r� but targets as follows butter ryhmitell�. There are k�ytt�j�rjestelm�t and erinlaiset ty� the liittyvi� programs to different languages for the computer itself, the thing programs as k��nt�j�t tekstink�sittely, and ��nen k�sittely of the picture. Next the merged programs will come in many respects to the hardware, which, liittyv�t, elierinlaisia, electronic devices where a processor or logic is needed programs. Then erinlaiset will come a calculation, telecommunications, the programs lis�ksi almost always it is hurried, siirt�m��n, information about one position to another. Next the office will come, the software which yleens� k�ytt�� my�s feels in the home circumstances. Then there will be the programs for example needed by the companies: Financial management bookkeeping and personal ledgers et cetera. Materials management stock accounting and to it liittyv��. Henkil�st� administration Palkanlaskenta. The operation control mik� describes the operation of the company. Production control miss� yhdistet��n automation and traditional ADP. Databases almost all liittyv� is felt to the companies, tehd� tietokantakehittimill�. Multimedia Inter, intra and Ekstranet Asiantuntijaj�rjestelm�t Simulation